丽脂鲤属，Astyanax (S. F. Baird et Girard, 1854)，鲤形目脂鲤科的一属鱼类。
丽脂鲤属有以下物种：
小头丽脂鲤(Astyanax abramis)
似小头丽脂鲤(Astyanax abramoides)
棘腹丽脂鲤(Astyanax acanthogaster)
似鲑丽脂鲤(Astyanax alburnus)
亚马逊丽脂鲤(Astyanax anteroides)
阿曼德丽脂鲤(Astyanax armandoi)
巴西丽脂鲤(Astyanax asymmetricus)
大头丽脂鲤(Astyanax bimaculatus)
艾氏丽脂鲤(Astyanax eigenmanni)
艾奇曼丽脂鲤(Astyanax eigenmanniorum)
圭亚那丽脂鲤(Astyanax essequibensis)
斑条丽脂鲤(Astyanax fasciatus)
费斯特丽脂鲤(Astyanax festae)
乔氏丽脂鲤(Astyanax jordani)
基思氏丽脂鲤(Astyanax keithi)
肯尼迪丽脂鲤(Astyanax kennedyi)
库氏丽脂鲤(Astyanax kullanderi)
利氏丽脂鲤(Astyanax leopoldi)
线纹丽脂鲤(Astyanax lineatus)
长身丽脂鲤(Astyanax longior)
马龙丽脂鲤(Astyanax maroniensis)
巨丽脂鲤(Astyanax maximus)
穆氏丽脂鲤(Astyanax meunieri)
墨西哥丽脂鲤(Astyanax mexicanus)
尖丽脂鲤(Astyanax mucronatus)
大鼻丽脂鲤(Astyanax nasutus)
睛斑丽脂鲤(Astyanax ocellatus)
直齿丽脂鲤(Astyanax orthodus)
巴拉圭丽脂鲤(Astyanax paraguayensis)
大翼丽脂鲤(Astyanax pinnatus)
波氏丽脂鲤(Astyanax poetzschkei)
多鳞丽脂鲤(Astyanax polylepis)
粗鳍丽脂鲤(Astyanax scabripinnis)
刺腹丽脂鲤(Astyanax scologaster)
闪光丽脂鲤(Astyanax stilbe)
条纹丽脂鲤(Astyanax taeniatus)
壮体丽脂鲤(Astyanax validus)
带纹丽脂鲤(Astyanax zonatus)
